Over the last two years, human traffickers and smugglers in East and North Africa have shifted their business models in response to efforts to contain migration flows to Europe, resulting in notable shifts in migration patterns.
The Research and Evidence Facility (REF)
The Research and Evidence Facility (REF) on migration in the Horn of Africa is a research consortium that has explored the dynamics, drivers and implications of mobility, migration and displacement in the Horn of Africa since 2016.-
Disrupting the Finances of Criminal Networks Responsible for Human Smuggling and Trafficking -
2018 Update of Research Activities & PublicationsThis research brief provides an update of research activities completed by the REF over the past year. It also includes information on initiated research and exciting preliminary findings as well as an outline of upcoming research outputs.
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A Rapid Review of the European Union Emergency Trust Fund for Africa Research and Evidence FacilityThis review of the REF’s outputs and impact was commissioned by the lead partner of the REF consortium and undertaken by a consultant who has particular expertise in the areas of evaluation, refugee and migration policy, as well as African affairs.
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Darfuri migration from Sudan to EuropeThis study documents for the first time the experiences of young Darfuris, mainly men, fleeing Sudan for Europe. It is one of the very few research studies that has looked at the whole process of migration for a particular population group – ethnic Darfuris – from their place of origin to their final destination, and from a systemic perspective.
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En route to Exile: Organizing Refugee journeys from the Horn of Africa towards EuropeIn this paper, using the practice of smuggling as a central point, I discuss the emergence and role of irregular migration facilitating infrastructures that support and sustain east African migratory mobility towards Europe as well as its impacts on migrants’ lives.
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Assessing the impact of migration management systems on livelihoods and migration: Evidence from PuntlandThis brief report outlines the findings of the first case study for a REF research project exploring the actual and potential impact of migration management initiatives on sustainable development.